Islam is a monotheistic religion that began in 610 AD in the city of Mecca through Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and within half a century spread rapidly and markedly to become the dominant religion in a large part of the Asian and African continents. The followers of this religion are called Muslims or Muslims.
The dictionary meaning of Islam is to obey and surrender before the instructions and in religious terms to bow down and surrender before the instructions and decrees of Allah Almighty.
Based on the verses of the Holy Qur'an, the most basic source of knowledge of Islam, this religion believes that all the prophets were sent by Allah. There is no difference between them. (Baqarah: 2/136) Rather, in the words of the Qur'an, all the prophets were sent to preach the same religion, Islam, although they differed in their (Sharia) style. And the common theme of their education was submission to the command of one God.
Based on this interpretation, Islam is defined in the Holy Qur'an as a universal monotheistic religion. In other words, Islam is the 'deen of Allah' or the religion of Allah except which no religion will be accepted by Allah (Al-Imran/3: 19, 83 and 85) and all the Prophets were commanded to preach this religion. And Hazrat Muhammad (pbuh) emerged with the best form of this religion, perfecting the earlier monotheistic religions. (Maidah/ 5: 3 and 48) He devoted himself to the propagation of this Deen for twenty-three years.
Introduction of Islam and the Holy Prophet (PBUH)
A review and study of sixty-three years of the life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) reveals before us the self-revealing picture of a man of illustrious life and divine prophet who worked tirelessly and faced numerous hardships and adversities to reform and purify his society but never despaired. didn't happen. He united and prepared the Arabian Peninsula in such a way that Islam spread beyond the Hejaz (Arabian territory). More importantly, he laid the foundations of a religion that is now among the leading religions in the world.
From the beginning of Prophethood to the period of Hijrah
What is famous in history and biography as the beginning of prophethood is the night when the angel of Ohir appeared before the Prophet in the cave of Mount Hera and recited to him the first few verses of Surah Al-Alak. After some time the angel of Ohi came to him with instructions to guide his nation and to free and reform the society from religious and moral deviations and lawlessness. He was also ordered to remove idols and idols from the Kaaba, the House of God, and all false gods from the minds of people.
The Prophet (PBUH) started the work of invitation to Tawheed from his own house. The first woman to believe in him was his wife Hazrat Khadijah and his male cousin Ali Ibn Abi Talib when he (the Holy Prophet) was in charge of his guardianship. Several other individuals, such as Hazrat Abu Bakr and Zayd bin Haresa, are mentioned as the first Muslims in the sources of different schools of Islam.
Three years after the beginning of Prophethood, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) was instructed to gather the Quraysh in one place and invite them to Tawheed. But the polytheists of Quraysh imposed harshness on him and his followers. He ordered some of his Companions to migrate to Ethiopia. The Prophet (PBUH) called the people of various areas outside Makkah, especially Taif, to Islam, but they refused to accept it. Finally the eyes of the Prophet (PBUH) were drawn to Yasreb (Madinah) which was considered worthy of invitation to him. Responding to his call, Yasreb's two tribes - the Aws and the Khazraj - entered into a treaty (of allegiance and allegiance) with him. It was through this agreement that the ground was prepared for the establishment of the first state in Yasreb by the Prophet (PBUH).
Meeting with the Holy Prophet (PBUH) in various meetings in Makkah and through his apostolic representatives, gradually the majority of the inhabitants of Yasreb came to believe in him, and within a few days it was such that only a small number of them remained unbelievers. Although the meetings of the people of Yasreb with him (PBUH) were held in secret, the Quraysh could understand it. As a result, they consulted about what to do with the Prophet (PBUH) and the Muslims and decided to attack him collectively (a group of people from each tribe of Quraysh) in the middle of the night and kill him. It does not put the responsibility of killing him on any single person or group. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) came to know about their conspiracy and left Hazrat Ali (AS) in his place (lying on the bed) and took Hazrat Abu Bakr with him and left for Yasreb.
From migration to death
The Prophet's (PBUH) departure from Makkah, popularly known as the Hijrah, was an event that opened a new chapter in his life and the history of Islam. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) reached Yasreb in the month of Rabiul Awal in the 14th year of the beginning of Prophethood. The city later became known as 'Medinatura Rasool' or 'Medina' shortly after him.
After the Prophet (PBUH) decided to stay permanently in Madinah, day by day people started migrating to Madinah from Makkah and other places. Emigrants are called Muhajirs. And the inhabitants of Madinah are called Ansar or helpers because they give shelter to outsiders. The Prophet (PBUH) bound the Muhajir and the Ansar to each other in a covenant of brotherhood. He designated Hazrat Ali (AS) as his brother.
Later, many wars were fought between the Muslims and the polytheist Quraish. Finally, in the eighth year of Hijrah, Mecca was conquered by the Muslims. This resulted in the Arab sub
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